Cathode Materials Market - Global Market Share, Trends, Analysis and Forecast, 2023-2032
The global cathode materials market was estimated to be US$ 28.70 Billion in 2022 and is expected to reach US$ 127.71 Billion by 2032 at a CAGR of 16.1%.
Cathode materials are a key component of rechargeable batteries, particularly lithium-ion batteries. They are responsible for the storage and release of positive ions (cations) during the battery's charge and discharge cycles. The cathode is one of the two electrodes in a battery, with the other being the anode.
In the context of lithium-ion batteries, cathode materials are typically composed of lithium compounds. Cathode materials continue to be an area of active research and development, with ongoing efforts focused on improving their energy density, stability, safety, and cost-effectiveness. Advancements in cathode materials contribute significantly to the overall performance and commercial viability of various battery-powered applications, including electric vehicles, portable electronics, and energy storage systems.
Cathode Materials Market Growth Drivers
Advancements in cathode material technologies are driving the market growth
The global cathode materials market is being driven by the increasing demand for electric vehicles (EVs) as countries focus on sustainable transportation and emission reduction. This surge is supported by government incentives, emission regulations, and advancements in EV technology, leading to a greater need for cathode materials, particularly lithium-ion-based materials, to meet the high-performance battery requirements of EVs.
Another factor driving the market is the growing adoption of rechargeable lithium-ion batteries in portable electronics such as smartphones, laptops, and tablets. The high energy density, longer cycle life, and lighter weight of lithium-ion batteries make them the preferred choice for these devices. With the continuous innovation and miniaturization of electronic devices, the demand for cathode materials in this sector continues to grow.
Advancements in cathode material technologies play a vital role in the market's growth. Researchers and manufacturers are constantly working to enhance the performance, energy density, and safety of cathode materials through new compositions, surface modifications, and nanostructured materials.
For instance, high-nickel cathode materials like lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide (NCA) and lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC) with increased nickel content offer improved energy density and thermal stability, enabling the production of batteries with longer driving range for EVs.
Overall, the increasing demand for EVs, the adoption of lithium-ion batteries in portable electronics, and advancements in cathode material technologies are key factors driving the global cathode materials market.
Application Segmentation of Global Cathode Materials Market
Electric vehicle (EVs) is the largest application segment in the market
Based on application, the electric vehicles (EVs) segment is currently the largest in terms of cathode materials demand. This is primarily due to the significant growth in the global electric vehicle market and the increasing shift towards sustainable transportation.
Governments around the world are implementing stricter emission regulations and providing incentives to promote EV adoption, leading to a surge in electric vehicle sales. EVs require high-performance batteries to provide sufficient driving range and power. Lithium-ion batteries, which rely on cathode materials, are the preferred choice for electric vehicles due to their energy density and cycle life.
As the demand for EVs continues to rise, the need for cathode materials to support the production of high-capacity and long-lasting batteries increases as well. This drives the growth of the cathode materials market, making the electric vehicles segment the largest among the mentioned applications.
While other segments like portable electronics, energy storage systems, and industrial applications also contribute to the demand for cathode materials, the scale and pace of electric vehicle adoption make it the dominant segment in terms of market size.
Regional Trends of the Global Cathode Materials Market
Asia-Pacific dominates the global cathode materials market
Geographically, the global cathode materials market is segmented into North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Middle East and Africa, and South America.
Following are some of the major trends in these regions –
North America: In North America, the cathode materials market is driven by the increasing adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) and the growing demand for energy storage systems (ESS). The region has been witnessing significant investments in EV infrastructure and supportive government policies, promoting the use of clean and sustainable transportation.
The United States, in particular, has seen substantial growth in the production and sales of electric vehicles. Additionally, advancements in battery technologies and the presence of key market players in North America contribute to the region's strong position in the cathode materials market.
Europe: Europe is a leading market for cathode materials, driven by the rapid expansion of the electric vehicle market and stringent emission regulations. The European Union has set ambitious targets for reducing carbon emissions and promoting the transition to electric mobility.
Additionally, the region's focus on renewable energy integration and energy storage systems further contributes to the demand for cathode materials. Europe is also home to several major cathode material manufacturers and battery technology companies, supporting the market's growth.
Asia-Pacific: Asia-Pacific dominates the global cathode materials market, primarily due to the significant presence of electric vehicle manufacturing and battery production in countries like China, Japan, and South Korea. China, in particular, is the largest electric vehicle market globally and a major consumer of cathode materials.
Additionally, the growing population and rapid urbanization in Asia-Pacific fuel the demand for portable electronics, further contributing to the cathode materials market growth in the region.
Middle East and Africa: The Middle East and Africa region exhibit a growing interest in the cathode materials market, primarily driven by the increasing adoption of electric vehicles and renewable energy projects.
The abundance of renewable energy sources in the Middle East has also led to a focus on energy storage systems, driving the demand for cathode materials. While the market in this region is still developing, it presents significant growth opportunities in the coming years.
South America: South America showcases a growing market for cathode materials, largely driven by the rising adoption of electric vehicles and the region's transition towards sustainable energy solutions. Countries like Brazil, Argentina, and Chile are witnessing an increasing demand for electric vehicles, supported by government incentives and investments in charging infrastructure.
As the electric vehicle market continues to grow, South America is expected to play a significant role in the global cathode materials market.
Key players and market strategies:
Companies operating in the global cathode materials market adopt various growth strategies to expand their market presence and remain competitive.
Some major strategies include:
Product Development and Innovation: Companies focus on developing and introducing new cathode materials with improved performance, energy density, and safety features. For example, BASF SE developed a high-energy cathode material, Nickel Cobalt Aluminum Oxide (NCA), for electric vehicle applications.
Strategic Partnerships and Collaborations: Companies form strategic partnerships and collaborations with other industry players, research institutions, and technology providers to leverage their expertise and resources. For instance, Umicore partnered with Samsung SDI to develop and supply NMC cathode materials for electric vehicle batteries.
Geographic Expansion: Companies focus on expanding their presence in different regions by establishing manufacturing plants, sales offices, or distribution networks. For instance, POSCO Chemical expanded its cathode material production facilities in China and the United States to serve the growing demand in these regions.
Mergers and Acquisitions: Companies engage in mergers and acquisitions to gain access to new technologies, customer bases, and geographic markets. For example, Umicore acquired the cobalt-related cathode materials business of Freeport Cobalt to strengthen its position in the cobalt market.
Sustainable Initiatives: Companies focus on sustainable practices, including recycling and responsible sourcing of raw materials, to meet environmental regulations and consumer expectations. They invest in developing cathode materials from recycled materials and explore sustainable supply chains. As an example, Johnson Matthey collaborated with Aqua Metals to develop a sustainable process for recycling lithium-ion batteries.
BASF SE, Beijing Easpring Material Technology Co., Ltd., Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd., Johnson Matthey PLC, LG Chem Ltd., Mitsubishi Chemical Holdings Corporation, Nippon Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd., POSCO Chemical Co., Ltd., SGL Carbon SE, Shanshan Technology Co., Ltd., Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Targray Technology International Inc., Umicore SA, Wuxi Baichuan Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd., Xiamen Tungsten Co., Ltd. and many more.
Global Cathode Materials Market Segmentation:
By Material Type:
- Lithium Cobalt Oxide (LCO)
- Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminum Oxide (NCA)
- Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (NMC)
- Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP)
- Lithium Manganese Oxide (LMO)
- Lithium Titanate (LTO)
- Other cathode materials (such as Lithium-Nickel-Cobalt-Manganese-Oxide (NCM), Lithium-Nickel-Cobalt-Aluminum-Manganese-Oxide (NCMA), etc.)
By Application:
- Electric Vehicles (EVs)
- Portable Electronics (Smartphones, Laptops, Tablets)
- Energy Storage Systems (ESS)
- Industrial Applications (Power Tools, Medical Devices, etc.)
By End-Use Industry:
- Automotive
- Electronics
- Energy Storage
- Others (including Aerospace, Healthcare, etc.)
By Battery Type:
- Lithium-Ion Batteries
- Lithium Polymer Batteries
- Others (including Sodium-ion Batteries, Solid-state Batteries, etc.)
By Manufacturing Process:
- Hydrothermal Method
- Solid-State Reaction Method
- Sol-Gel Method
- Co-precipitation Method
- Others
By Crystal Structure:
- Layered Structure
- Spinel Structure
- Olivine Structure
- Others
By Region
- North America
- United States
- Canada
- Rest of North America
- Europe
- Germany
- United Kingdom
- Italy
- France
- Spain
- Rest of Europe
- Asia Pacific
- Japan
- India
- China
- Australia
- South Korea
- Rest of Asia Pacific
- Middle East & Africa
- UAE
- Saudi Arabia
- South Africa
- Rest of the Middle East & Africa
- South America
- Brazil
- Rest of South America
- Introduction
- Research Objectives
- Report Assumptions
- Research Methodology
- Abbreviations
- Preface
- Market Definition
- Report Scope and Market Segmentation
- Research Highlights
- Market Synopsis: Global Cathode Materials Market
- Global Cathode Materials Market Qualitative Analysis
- Trends
- Market trends
- Technology Trends
- PESTLE Analysis (For 5 prominent countries)
- Market Influencers
- Driving Forces
- Hindering Forces
- Opportunities
- COVID-19 consequences
- Porter’s Five Forces Analysis
- Value Chain Analysis
- Trends
- Global Cathode Materials Market Analysis and Forecast, by Material Type
- Overview and definitions
- Key segment analysis
- Global Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), by Material Type, 2019 – 2032
- Lithium Cobalt Oxide (LCO)
- Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminum Oxide (NCA)
- Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (NMC)
- Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP)
- Lithium Manganese Oxide (LMO)
- Lithium Titanate (LTO)
- Other cathode materials (such as Lithium-Nickel-Cobalt-Manganese-Oxide (NCM), Lithium-Nickel-Cobalt-Aluminum-Manganese-Oxide (NCMA), etc.)
- Global Cathode Materials Market Analysis and Forecast, by Application
- Overview and definitions
- Key segment analysis
- Global Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), by Application, 2019 – 2032
- Electric Vehicles (EVs)
- Portable Electronics (Smartphones, Laptops, Tablets)
- Energy Storage Systems (ESS)
- Industrial Applications (Power Tools, Medical Devices, etc.)
- Global Cathode Materials Market Analysis and Forecast, by End Use Industry
- Overview and definitions
- Key segment analysis
- Global Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), by End Use Industry, 2019 – 2032
- Automotive
- Electronics
- Energy Storage
- Others (including Aerospace, Healthcare, etc.)
- Global Cathode Materials Market Analysis and Forecast, by Battery Type
- Overview and definitions
- Key segment analysis
- Global Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), by Battery Type, 2019 – 2032
- Lithium-Ion Batteries
- Lithium Polymer Batteries
- Others (including Sodium-ion Batteries, Solid-state Batteries, etc.)
- Global Cathode Materials Market Analysis and Forecast, by Manufacturing Process
- Overview and definitions
- Key segment analysis
- Global Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), by Manufacturing Process, 2019 – 2032
- Hydrothermal Method
- Solid-State Reaction Method
- Sol-Gel Method
- Co-precipitation Method
- Others
- Global Cathode Materials Market Analysis and Forecast, by Crystal Structure
- Overview and definitions
- Key segment analysis
- Global Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), by Crystal Structure, 2019 – 2032
- Layered Structure
- Spinel Structure
- Olivine Structure
- Others
- Global Cathode Materials Market Analysis and Forecast, by Region
- Overview and definitions
- Key segment analysis
- Global Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), by Region, 2019 – 2032
- North America
- Europe
- Asia Pacific
- Middle East & Africa
- South America
- North America Cathode Materials Market Analysis and Forecast
- Overview and definitions
- Key segment analysis
- North America Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), by Material Type, 2019 – 2032
- Lithium Cobalt Oxide (LCO)
- Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminum Oxide (NCA)
- Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (NMC)
- Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP)
- Lithium Manganese Oxide (LMO)
- Lithium Titanate (LTO)
- Other cathode materials (such as Lithium-Nickel-Cobalt-Manganese-Oxide (NCM), Lithium-Nickel-Cobalt-Aluminum-Manganese-Oxide (NCMA), etc.)
- North America Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), by Application, 2019 – 2032
- Electric Vehicles (EVs)
- Portable Electronics (Smartphones, Laptops, Tablets)
- Energy Storage Systems (ESS)
- Industrial Applications (Power Tools, Medical Devices, etc.)
- North America Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), by End Use Industry, 2019 – 2032
- Automotive
- Electronics
- Energy Storage
- Others (including Aerospace, Healthcare, etc.)
- North America Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), by Battery Type, 2019 – 2032
- Lithium-Ion Batteries
- Lithium Polymer Batteries
- Others (including Sodium-ion Batteries, Solid-state Batteries, etc.)
- North America Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), by Manufacturing Process, 2019 – 2032
- Hydrothermal Method
- Solid-State Reaction Method
- Sol-Gel Method
- Co-precipitation Method
- Others
- North America Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), by Crystal Structure, 2019 – 2032
- Layered Structure
- Spinel Structure
- Olivine Structure
- Others
- North America Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), Country, 2019 – 2032
- The U.S.
- Canada
- Rest of North America
- Europe Cathode Materials Market Analysis and Forecast
- Overview and definitions
- Key segment analysis
- Europe Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), by Material Type, 2019 – 2032
- Lithium Cobalt Oxide (LCO)
- Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminum Oxide (NCA)
- Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (NMC)
- Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP)
- Lithium Manganese Oxide (LMO)
- Lithium Titanate (LTO)
- Other cathode materials (such as Lithium-Nickel-Cobalt-Manganese-Oxide (NCM), Lithium-Nickel-Cobalt-Aluminum-Manganese-Oxide (NCMA), etc.)
- Europe Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), by Application, 2019 – 2032
- Electric Vehicles (EVs)
- Portable Electronics (Smartphones, Laptops, Tablets)
- Energy Storage Systems (ESS)
- Industrial Applications (Power Tools, Medical Devices, etc.)
- Europe Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), by End Use Industry, 2019 – 2032
- Automotive
- Electronics
- Energy Storage
- Others (including Aerospace, Healthcare, etc.)
- Europe Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), by Battery Type, 2019 – 2032
- Lithium-Ion Batteries
- Lithium Polymer Batteries
- Others (including Sodium-ion Batteries, Solid-state Batteries, etc.)
- Europe Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), by Manufacturing Process, 2019 – 2032
- Hydrothermal Method
- Solid-State Reaction Method
- Sol-Gel Method
- Co-precipitation Method
- Others
- Europe Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), by Crystal Structure, 2019 – 2032
- Layered Structure
- Spinel Structure
- Olivine Structure
- Others
- Europe Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), Country, 2019 – 2032
- Germany
- United Kingdom
- Italy
- France
- Spain
- Rest of Europe
- Asia Pacific Cathode Materials Market Analysis and Forecast
- Overview and definitions
- Key segment analysis
- Asia Pacific Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), by Material Type, 2019 – 2032
- Lithium Cobalt Oxide (LCO)
- Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminum Oxide (NCA)
- Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (NMC)
- Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP)
- Lithium Manganese Oxide (LMO)
- Lithium Titanate (LTO)
- Other cathode materials (such as Lithium-Nickel-Cobalt-Manganese-Oxide (NCM), Lithium-Nickel-Cobalt-Aluminum-Manganese-Oxide (NCMA), etc.)
- Asia Pacific Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), by Application, 2019 – 2032
- Electric Vehicles (EVs)
- Portable Electronics (Smartphones, Laptops, Tablets)
- Energy Storage Systems (ESS)
- Industrial Applications (Power Tools, Medical Devices, etc.)
- Asia Pacific Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), by End Use Industry, 2019 – 2032
- Automotive
- Electronics
- Energy Storage
- Others (including Aerospace, Healthcare, etc.)
- Asia Pacific Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), by Battery Type, 2019 – 2032
- Lithium-Ion Batteries
- Lithium Polymer Batteries
- Others (including Sodium-ion Batteries, Solid-state Batteries, etc.)
- Asia Pacific Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), by Manufacturing Process, 2019 – 2032
- Hydrothermal Method
- Solid-State Reaction Method
- Sol-Gel Method
- Co-precipitation Method
- Others
- Asia Pacific Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), by Crystal Structure, 2019 – 2032
- Layered Structure
- Spinel Structure
- Olivine Structure
- Others
- Asia Pacific Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), Country, 2019 – 2032
- Japan
- India
- China
- Australia
- Rest of Asia Pacific
- Middle East & Africa Cathode Materials Market Analysis and Forecast
- Overview and definitions
- Key segment analysis
- Middle East & Africa Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), by Material Type, 2019 – 2032
- Lithium Cobalt Oxide (LCO)
- Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminum Oxide (NCA)
- Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (NMC)
- Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP)
- Lithium Manganese Oxide (LMO)
- Lithium Titanate (LTO)
- Other cathode materials (such as Lithium-Nickel-Cobalt-Manganese-Oxide (NCM), Lithium-Nickel-Cobalt-Aluminum-Manganese-Oxide (NCMA), etc.)
- Middle East & Africa Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), by Application, 2019 – 2032
- Electric Vehicles (EVs)
- Portable Electronics (Smartphones, Laptops, Tablets)
- Energy Storage Systems (ESS)
- Industrial Applications (Power Tools, Medical Devices, etc.)
- Middle East & Africa Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), by End Use Industry, 2019 – 2032
- Automotive
- Electronics
- Energy Storage
- Others (including Aerospace, Healthcare, etc.)
- Middle East & Africa Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), by Battery Type, 2019 – 2032
- Lithium-Ion Batteries
- Lithium Polymer Batteries
- Others (including Sodium-ion Batteries, Solid-state Batteries, etc.)
- Middle East & Africa Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), by Manufacturing Process, 2019 – 2032
- Hydrothermal Method
- Solid-State Reaction Method
- Sol-Gel Method
- Co-precipitation Method
- Others
- Middle East & Africa Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), by Crystal Structure, 2019 – 2032
- Layered Structure
- Spinel Structure
- Olivine Structure
- Others
- Middle East & Africa Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), Country, 2019 – 2032
- Saudi Arabia
- South Africa
- UAE
- Rest of Middle East
- South America Cathode Materials Market Analysis and Forecast
- Overview and definitions
- Key segment analysis
- South America Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), by Material Type, 2019 – 2032
- Lithium Cobalt Oxide (LCO)
- Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminum Oxide (NCA)
- Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (NMC)
- Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP)
- Lithium Manganese Oxide (LMO)
- Lithium Titanate (LTO)
- Other cathode materials (such as Lithium-Nickel-Cobalt-Manganese-Oxide (NCM), Lithium-Nickel-Cobalt-Aluminum-Manganese-Oxide (NCMA), etc.)
- South America Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), by Application, 2019 – 2032
- Electric Vehicles (EVs)
- Portable Electronics (Smartphones, Laptops, Tablets)
- Energy Storage Systems (ESS)
- Industrial Applications (Power Tools, Medical Devices, etc.)
- South America Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), by End Use Industry, 2019 – 2032
- Automotive
- Electronics
- Energy Storage
- Others (including Aerospace, Healthcare, etc.)
- South America Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), by Battery Type, 2019 – 2032
- Lithium-Ion Batteries
- Lithium Polymer Batteries
- Others (including Sodium-ion Batteries, Solid-state Batteries, etc.)
- South America Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), by Manufacturing Process, 2019 – 2032
- Hydrothermal Method
- Solid-State Reaction Method
- Sol-Gel Method
- Co-precipitation Method
- Others
- South America Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), by Crystal Structure, 2019 – 2032
- Layered Structure
- Spinel Structure
- Olivine Structure
- Others
- South America Cathode Materials Market Size Estimates (US$ Mn), Country, 2019 – 2032
- Brazil
- Rest of South America
- Competition Analysis – Cathode Materials Market
- Market Composition
- Market Share Analysis (%), by Supplier (2022)
- Company Profiles
- BASF SE
- Business overview
- Geographic presence
- Financial facts
- Channel partners
- Relevant news and strategic view
- Beijing Easpring Material Technology Co., Ltd.
- Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.
- Johnson Matthey PLC
- LG Chem Ltd.
- Mitsubishi Chemical Holdings Corporation
- Nippon Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd.
- POSCO Chemical Co., Ltd.
- SGL Carbon SE
- Shanshan Technology Co., Ltd.
- Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.
- Targray Technology International Inc.
- Umicore SA
- Wuxi Baichuan Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd.
- Xiamen Tungsten Co., Ltd.
- BASF SE
- Conclusion & Recommendations
Frequently asked questions about this report
How big is the cathode materials market?
The cathode materials market is expected to reach US$ 127.71 Billion by 2032.
What is the cathode materials market growth?
The cathode materials market is expected grow at a CAGR of 16.1% from 2023 to 2032.
What are the major driving factors and opportunities in the cathode materials market?
The increasing demand for EVs, the adoption of lithium-ion batteries in portable electronics, and advancements in cathode material technologies are key factors driving the global cathode materials market.
What was the size of the global cathode materials market in 2022?
The cathode materials market was estimated to be US$ 28.70 Billion in 2022.
Which is the largest market for cathode materials?
Europe is a leading market for cathode materials, driven by the rapid expansion of the electric vehicle market and stringent emission regulations.
Which application is the largest in the cathode materials market?
The electric vehicles (EVs) application segment is currently the largest in terms of cathode materials demand. This is primarily due to the significant growth in the global electric vehicle market and the increasing shift towards sustainable transportation.
Which region dominates the cathode materials market?
Asia-Pacific dominates the global cathode materials market, primarily due to the significant presence of electric vehicle manufacturing and battery production in countries like China, Japan, and South Korea.
Who are the key players in cathode materials market?
BASF SE, Beijing Easpring Material Technology Co., Ltd., Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd., Johnson Matthey PLC, LG Chem Ltd., Mitsubishi Chemical Holdings Corporation, Nippon Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd., POSCO Chemical Co., Ltd., SGL Carbon SE, Shanshan Technology Co., Ltd., Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Targray Technology International Inc., Umicore SA, Wuxi Baichuan Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd., Xiamen Tungsten Co., Ltd. among others, are the major players in this market.